Storms

Storms are rare in northern Finland. The average wind speed is 3–4 m/s, even in summer. However, climate change can increase the occurrence of extreme weather phenomena, such as storms, strong winds and heavy rainfall, in all of Finland. Even changes in the snow cover and frost depth contribute to storm damages. Forests are particularly susceptible to storm damage after thinning, in old spruce thickets, and near clearings, fields, and other open areas. Storm damages can be prevented by maintaining the sapling stands and completing the thinning process in time, and by fostering diversity in the forest. Forests and trees damaged by a storm are also susceptible to other threats, such as fungi and pests.